Pdf mechanical properties and microstructural analysis of aisi. Type 316 gives useful service at room temperature in sulphuric acid of concentrations lower than 15% wt. Aisi 202 stainless steel is 200 series stainless steel. Sus 431 steel chemical,jis g4303 sus 431 stainless properties. Technical specifications of aisi 318 austenitic stainless steel datasheet grade aisi 318 chemical compositions, aisi 318 mechanical properties from steelmaking, esr, blooming, forging, rolling, heat treatment, straightened, ultrasonic test, cold working, machined. Stainless steel chemical composition, chemical composition. Welded pipes, pipework and components made from the type 316316l grade of austenitic stainless steel are widely used in the oil and gas industry to handle sour fluids i. Stainless steel 316ti is also known as aisi 316ti, supra316ti, nirosta 4571, polarit 761, and remanit 4571. Material safety data sheet stainless steel 301, 302, 304. Other areas such as heat treatment, welding, machining, hot and cold working, hardening, work hardening and applications are also outlined. One known exception is highly oxidizing acids such as nitric acid to which the molybdenumbearing stainless steels are less resistant. Stainless steel 316 pipes, ss 316l seamless pipes, ss 316. The type 321 austenitic stainless steel is susceptible to stress corrosion cracking scc in halides similar to type 304 stainless steel.
Sour service limits of dualcertified 316316l steel twi. Jsl j416cr grade is a chromiummanganese austenitic stainless steel with moderate amounts of copper, nickel and nitrogen. Sep, 2001 composition ranges for 316 grade of stainless steels. First aid measures first aid skin seek medical help for serious cuts or lacerations or if irritation from contact with dusts persists. Nominal composition of ss304 and ss316 coupons used in this study. Composition ranges for 316 grade of stainless steels. The stainless steel alloys shown in the table on page 3 were heated as sheet samples for 60 minutes per inch of thickness at 1800f 982c for type 410 and at 1900f 1038c for types 420, 425 modified, and 440a, and then air cooled to room temperature.
Aisi 316 stainless steel has better corrosion resistance than 304 stainless steel and has good corrosion resistance in the production of pulp and paper. Feb 18, 2004 316l is the low carbon version of 316 stainless steel. Such dual certified product does not meet 316h specification and may be unacceptable for high temperature applications. Pdf corrosion study of ss304 and ss316 alloys in atmospheric. Grade 316 is an austenitic grade second only to 304 in commercial importance. Type 316l has the same composition as type 316 except the carbon content is held below 0. Analysis of oxide layers on stainless steel 304, and 316. Ss 316 l that is used in a sulfuric acid plant with a concentratio n of 98. They most commonly include chromium, nickel and molybdenum. Balancing of the alloying elements produces an austenitic structure in the annealed condition.
Stainless steels of type sus304 and sus316 were chemically treated and heated at various temperatures, and the oxide films formed on the surface were analysed by auger electron spectrometry and conversion electron mossbauer spectrometry. They also have excellent toughness and can be used in the food, marine, chemical and architectural fields. Type 321 stainless steel offers higher creep and stress rupture properties than type 304 and, particularly, type 304l which might also be considered for exposures where sensitization and intergranular corrosion are concerns. Stainless steel alloys resist corrosion, maintain their strength at high temperatures and are easy to maintain. Sep, 2001 the 316 family is a group of austenitic stainless steels with superior corrosion resistance to 304 stainless steels. Stainless steel 304, ss 310s, ss 316 chemical composition. The outermost oxide layers of stainless steels were enriched with iron and chromium after heat treatment below 600 c and above 700 c, respectively. Zapp stainless steel 301, 302, 304, 304l, 305, 309, 310, 310s, 316, 316l, 321, 347, 350, 430, 177ph, 18sr version date. Covered in thsi document are the physical and mechanical properties of 316l stainless steel. Other applications include fasteners and screens for the mining industry. It has excellent forming and welding characteristics. Not unexpectedly, its general corrosion resistance and other properties closely correspond to those of type 316. Welding of stainless steels and other joining methods, ssina.
This alloy is suitable for welding because it has a carbon content lower than 301 to 303 series alloys to avoid carbide precipitation in welding applications. Type 316 316l stainless steel is a molybdenum beraing grade of steel. These are readily weldable through smaw, gmaw, gtaw and saw. Type 321 stainless steel s also advantageous for high temperature service because of its good mechanical properties. Characterised by high corrosion resistance in general atmospheric corrosive environments it exhibits excellent resistance to most oxidizing agents, general foodstuffs, sterilizing solutions. The 316 family is a group of austenitic stainless steels with superior corrosion resistance to 304 stainless steel. This results because of their similarity in nickel content. The asquenched structure of fresh martensite must be. Percentage by weight maximum unless range is specified. Grade 316 is the standard molybdenumbearing grade, second in importance to 304 amongst the austenitic stainless steels.
For more complete details please refer to the relevant specification the bs en specifications for stainless steel are listed on a separate. Aisi 202 stainless steel belonging to the low nickel and high manganese stainless steel, the nickel content is generally below 4%, 8% of the manganese content is a section of nickel stainless steel. Arosta 318 identification rutile basic all position stainless steel electrodes for welding ti or nb stabilized 316 or equivalent chemical composition w 304 ss plate cost stainless steel diamond plate 316l plate, 304304l plate stainless steel diamond plate 304 304l 316l. Simplex fittings is one of indias leading manufacturers of high quality stainless steel 316 316l pipes and tubes as per international standard quality of raw materials which find application all over different sectors. Stainless steel type 316 is part of a family of stainless steel alloys 301, 302, 303,304, this alloy is suitable for welding because it has a carbon content lowerthan 301 to equipment in the chemical, food, paper, mining, pharmaceuticaland.
They have been used for many industrial, architectural, chemical, and consumer. Stainless 302, 304, 304l, 305 united performance metals. The molybdenum gives 316 better overall corrosion resistant properties than grade 304, particularly higher resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments. Chemical compositions of aisi astmasme and uns austenitic stainless steel grades introduction aisi astm asme and uns.
The molybdenum allows ss 316 to be more resistance to corrosion overall, with specific resistance against chlorine pitting. Aisi 202, 202 stainless steel,aisi 202 steel steel. Stainless steel grade 310310s are welded through similar electrodes and filler metals. Applicationsalloy 316 316l uns s31600 s31603 is a chromiumnickel molybdenum austenitic stainless steel developed to provide improved corrosion resistance to alloy 304304l in moderately corrosive environments. Pdf material characterization of ss 316 in lowcycle. Most astm and asme standards list the steel grades by their uns unified numbering system numbers but also make reference, where appropriate to the more general aisi american iron and steel institute grade designations. Type 316316l stainless steel is a molybdenum beraing grade of steel. Sus329j1 denotes austenitic and ferritic stainless steel. It is often utilized in process streams containing chlorides or halides. Foreign standards often by tensile structural steel to categories such as ss400 this is marked in japan, where 400 means that the minimum value of. Kad group of companies provide stainless steel chemical composition table chart. Ss 316 ti is the titanium stabilized grade and similar to ss 316h i. In general, media that do not corrode types 302, containing grades.
Stainless 316, 316l, 317, 317l united performance metals. We also possess advanced precision machining equipments for further processing. Typical uses include exhaust manifolds, furnace parts, heat exchangers, jet engine parts, pharmaceutical and photographic equipment, valve and pump trim, chemical equipment. Aisi 202 stainless steel is a section with good mechanical properties of corrosion resistance, aisi 202 stainless steel high temperature. Material characterization of ss 316 in lowcycle fatigue loading a. Types 316, 316l, 317 and 317l are more resistant to atmospheric and other mild types of corrosion than types 302, 304 and 304l. The low carbon provides resistance to sensitization during welding and other thermal processes. Material safety data sheet stainless steel 301, 302. Fundamental concepts and definitions commonly used in welding are introduced, including a background on the properties of ss 316. The alloy has higher strength at elevated temperatures and is used for structural and pressure vessel applications at temperatures above 932f 500c. Ss400 chemical composition,ss400 mechanical properties.
In addition to excellent corrosion resistance and strength properties, the types 316, 316l, 317, and 317l crnimo alloys also provide the excellent fabricability and formability which are typical of the austenitic stainless steels. Austenitic, nonmagnetic, extremely tough and ductile, 302 stainless steel is one of the more. This grade is similar to j4 with higher cr for increased corrosion resistance. Not unexpectedly, its general corrosion resistance and other properties closely. Analysis of oxide layers on stainless steel 304, and 316 by. Type 316 stainless steel is widely used in applications requiring corrosion resistance superior. Sus 431 stainless steelchemical has excellent tensile and torque strength, and good toughness, making it ideally suited to shafting and bolt applications. Hardness specification limits given are hrb rockwell b scale, hrc rockwell c. Stainless steel 316 is a chromiumnickel based steel that possesses increased levels of resistance against several substances, due to the addition of molybdenum in its composition. Duplex stainless steels have structures that combine aspects of ferritic and. Pdf bare stainless steel type 304 and 316 alloys were exposed to. The presence of molybdenum gves this stainless steel better overall corrosion resistance properties than types 301 and 304 stainless steel.
The addition of molybdenum and a slightly higher nickel content make 316 stainless steel suitable for architectural applications in severe settings, from polluted marine environments to areas with subzero temperatures. Well known stainless steel grade, very close to the 201 grade but with lower mechanical properties. Equipment in the chemical, food, paper, mining, pharmaceutical and petroleum industries often includes 316 stainless steel. Well known stainless steel as well, with very high corrosion resistance, it is usually reserved to very aggressive. Chemical composition element % present chromium cr 16. Moreover, ss316 is also resistant to corrosion in marine and aggressive industrial atmospheres. This material is susceptible to stress corrosion cracking in sour brines, and thus the use of this material is restricted according to the limits. Alloy 316h uns s31609 is a high carbon modification of alloy 316 developed for use in elevated temperature service.
They apply to all wrought product forms including ingots and semifinished material. These items have chemical and mechanical properties complying with both 316 and. Sus 431 stainless steel has the best corrosion resistance properties of all the martensitic grades. Chemical composition in percentage grade c max mn max p max s max.