Since students work through an assignment until all group members successfully understand and complete it, this teaching strategy creates an atmosphere of achievement. Cooperative learning does require special skills of teachers, but this can be overcome by. This book describes five types of cooperative learning and gives details on how to use them and on research that shows how effective they are. Cooperative learning is the instructional use of small groups so that students. He has presented dozens of keynotes and conferences in eighteen countries. Spencer kagans most popular book is cooperative learning.
Cooperative learning tips and tricks the cornerstone for. Numerous case studies and small group exercises highlight how teachers can assess both the process and outcomes of cooperative. Cooperative learning involves structuring classes around small groups that work together in such a way that each group members success is dependent on the group s success. Presents cooperative learning in conjunction with national standards. Cooperative learning can result in higher achievement than other learning styles. Ive used cooperative learning in my high school classroom in the past. The parameters often vary, as students can work collaboratively on a variety of problems, ranging from simple math problems to large assignments such as proposing environmental solutions on a national level. Definition of cooperative learning students learning goals may be structured to promote cooperative, competitive, or individualistic efforts. Nov 20, 2019 cooperative learning activities require students to work together in small groups to complete a project or activity, operating as a team to help each other succeed. Cooperative learning is widely recognised as a pedagogical practice that promotes socialization and learning among students from preschool through to tertiary level and across different subject domains.
Recent methods and effects on achievement, attitudes, and ethnic relations shiomo sharan school of education, telaviv university five recently published methodsfor conducting cooperative smallgroup learning in the classroom, and the experimental studies conducted by the authors of. Cooperative learning is part of a group of teachinglearning techniques where students interact with each other to acquire and practise the elements of a subject matter and to meet common learning goals. Technology may revolutionize the way in which cooperative learning groups work on such projects. Characteristics of cooperative learning evaeducation. List of books and articles about cooperative learning online. The book presents the integrated use of formal cooperative learning, informal cooperative learning, and cooperative base groups. Cooperative learning is a teaching method where students of mixed levels of ability are arranged into groups and rewarded according to the group s success, rather than the success of an individual. This is a useful cooperative learning strategy because it engages all students in their learning and it can be done quickly during almost any lesson.
The kagans make it easier than ever to boost engagement and. During a lecture, demonstration, or film, informal cooperative learning can be used to focus student attention on the material. This book is your blueprint to full student engagement. Cooperative learning is a very formal way of structuring. Informal cooperative learning groups of two to four students can be convened for as little as 5 minutes across the auditorium rows to discuss a challenge question, check for understanding of a concept, or construct a list of concepts that students are finding confusing. The foundation for using cooperative learning in your classroom. Youll still find all the practical and proven kagan structures, including numbered heads together, roundtable, and threestep interviewdirect from the man who invented cooperative learning structures. Upon the completion of the cooperative learning activity, malinda gives each student a quiz on the desert. The groups should contain high achievers and low achievers. It covers grouping in pairs and small groups to build a team learning spirit in the classroom.
Use cooperative learning groups to engage learners by. In general, cooperative learning methods share the following five characteristics. Cooperative learning is widely used in educational settings as a means to improve intergroup relations and increase academic achievement. There is much more to cooperative learning than merely arranging students into groups, and it has been described as structuring positive interdependence. The presentation can be a video, an animation, a slide show with music and a narration, or even a play or dance to music and narration. Cooperative learning, sometimes called smallgroup learning, is an instructional strategy in which small groups of students work together on a common task. The task can be as simple as solving a multistep math problem together, or as complex as developing a design for a new kind of school. Cooperative language learning chapter 16 approaches and. In fact, the more diversity in a team, the higher the benefits for each student. Cooperative learning is a resource for all teachers to bring cooperative learning techniques into the classroom. Implementing cooperative base groups in such a way that students meet regularly for the duration of a course completing cooperative learning tasks can provide the permanent support and caring that students need to make academic progress and develop cognitively and socially in healthy ways. Teaching with cooperative learning page 2 teachervision. Classroom arrangements that help with cooperative learning 11 6. Students know ahead of time the components of that quiz because they were the same components they studied in their cooperative learning groups animals, plants, climate, native american cultures, and towns and cities.
Advantages of using cooperative learning cooperative learning is supported by one of the strongest research traditions in education, with thousands of studies conducted across a wide range of subject areas, age groups, ability levels and cultural backgrounds. The cooperative learning techniques put forth in cooperative work groups are designed to emphasize the students best individual learning styles and integrate the newest technology into the students work, ensuring their success as individuals working together in groups on longterm projects in. This paper seeks to examine the meaning of cooperative learning strategy, the concept of classroom management, the significance of cooperative learning, disadvantages and cooperative learning as a. Cooperative learning is widely recognised as a pedagogical practice that promotes socialization and learning among students from preschool through to. The result, in general, suggest that cooperative learning develops highorder thinking. It is much more than just putting students into groups and hoping for the best. Enter your mobile number or email address below and well send you a link to download the free kindle app. Cooperative learning is a generic term for various small group interactive instructional procedures. Hear how schools have used kagan cooperative learning to boost academics, close the achievement gap, improve student relations, and create a more kind and caring school community. The web has become much more than an electronic reference book. Books by spencer kagan author of cooperative learning.
Some of the challenges of cooperative learning are the formation of student groups, the roles of the group members, as well as the evaluation of the final product. Sage books cooperative learning groups sage knowledge. When teachers structure cooperative learning groups as part of the overall reading program, they also open the door to a multiple intelligences approach to literacy, which is inherent in cooperative learning. This book is full of ideas on how to organize and create cooperative learning. When activities are designed and structured appropriately, cooperative learning can be very effective. The following are some ideas for using cooperative groups in your classroom. In informal cooperative learning, small, temporary, adhoc groups of two to four students work together for brief periods in a class, typically up to one class period, to answer questions or respond to prompts posed by the instructor. Cooperative learning groups cooperative learning groups are more than just letting student work together. The idea of cooperative learning has been around for decades, but it never got to the same prominence as. Defining cooperative learning as instructional programs in which students work in small groups to help one another master academic content, slavin praised it as a way to capitalize on the developmental characteristics of adolescents in order to harness their peer orientation, enthusiasm, activity, and craving for independence within a safe. Students work together on academic tasks in small groups to help themselves and their teammates learn together. List of books and articles about cooperative learning.
Specific strategies for using the jigsaw technique for working in groups in nonlecturebased courses. Cooperative learning is an approach to teaching that makes maximum use of cooperative activities involving pairs and small groups of learners in the classroom. Many teachers love the idea of partner and group work, but teaching students how to do it is a daunting task. Additionally, i have three more pages planned for the immediate future that you may find useful. Cooperative learning is part of a group of teaching learning techniques where students interact with each other to acquire and practise the elements of a subject matter and to meet common learning goals. This book has practical examples that i was able to implement immediately no adaptation required. The kagans make it easier than ever to boost engagement and achievement. Ive been teaching for sixteen years and found it very useful. Cooperative learning strategy as tool for classroom management.
By nature, both multimedia projects and cooperative learning groups require. Cooperative learning is an innovative method which can encourage the students to be active in working together to discuss and find the knowledge and skill by themselves. Using technology to revolutionize cooperative learning. Cooperative learning is more than grouping children together it is helping students learn to work together toward a common learning goal with each person doing their part in the project. Cooperative learning is used to increase student achievement, create more positive relationships among students, and generally improve students psychological wellbeing. The use of learning methodologies based on groups in higher engineering education has been supported by several studies that justify the application of cooperative learning johnson and johnson. The book situates cooperative learning within the context of no child left behind and a climate of high stakes testing. How cooperative learning is used in the classroom 9 4. Grouped into small teams, pupils work together to achieve shared goals. Cooperative language learning cll is part of a more general instructional approach also known as collaborative learning cl. This article offers guidance on literature circles and cooperative tear, two cooperative learning strategies supported by research. Students spend the majority of the day in cooperative learning groups. These groups can occur before, during, or after a lecture and can provide. Cooperative learning is an educational approach which aims to organize classroom activities into academic and social learning experiences.
Cooperative learning is the process of breaking a classroom of students into small groups so they can discover a new concept together and help each other learn. A comprehensive view of the use of formal cooperative learning lessons, informal cooperative learning groups, and. The book covers the nature of cooperative learning, the essential components that make it work, the teachers role, the structuring of positive interdependence and individual accountability, teaching students social skills, group processing, and forming teacher colleagial support groups. Jigsaw students are placed into home groups and expert groups and are each assigned a different topic within the same general topic. This book recognizes the importance of cooperative learning, in contrast to the traditional classroom, as an effective approach to learning. Its coverage of the subject ranges across the educational spectrum, from preschool years to university, and offers a fresh perspective on a topic that has gained increasing interest worldwide. Cooperative learning activities require students to work together in small groups to complete a project or activity, operating as a team to help each other succeed. Why would the kagans update a classic that has sold nearly half a million copies. Brame, cft assistant director and rachel biel, cft undergraduate intern print version cite this guide.
Competitive learning, as its name suggests, typically places students in opposition to one another, using the intrinsic desire to win to. These common features enhance the effectiveness of cooperative learning groups. Use cooperative learning groups to engage learners. Cooperative base groups are longterm cooperative learning groups with stable membership whose primary responsibilities are to help students provide each other with support, encouragement, and assistance in completing assignments and hold each other. If this is the first cooperative learning page on daily teaching tools that you have read, you may be interested in seeing the overview to cooperative learning, grouping strategies, and cooperative learning packet pages. This is a guide that has helped over the years and made cooperative learning part of my teaching in all cooperative learning is a resource for all teachers to bring cooperative learning techniques into the classroom. The cooperative learning techniques put forth in cooperative work groups are designed to emphasize the students best individual learning styles and integrate the newest technology into the students work, ensuring their success as individuals working together in groups on longterm projects in todays work society. Cooperative learning is a studentcentered, instructorfacilitated instructional strategy in which a small group of students is responsible for its own learning and the learning of all group members. This makes cooperative learning inherently more complex than competitive or individualistic learning. Cooperative learning happens in environments where students work in groups or teams, structuring learning so that students help one another in the learning process and develop social skills along the way. With contributions from an international panel of leading. There are different kinds of groups for different situations, but they all balance some key elements that distinguish cooperative learning from competitive or. Kagan is the principal author of the single most comprehensive book for educators in each of four fields. In every classroom, instructional activities are aimed at accomplishing goals and are conducted under a goal structure.
This structured group is an effective tool to address learning, organizational and communication problems at school. Cooperative learning is a teaching strategy for organizing classroom activities. One approach to providing collaborative opportunities for students of biology is cooperative learning, a theoretically grounded and wellresearched approach in education that can increase students learning of subject matter and improve their attitudes toward both academics in general and the subject matter specifically springer et al. Cooperative learning works well when it is a part of the culture of a classroom, and when students are familiar with working together and know what is expected of them.
Cooperative learning groups can consist of two to five students, but groups of three to four are also effective. Cooperative learning is an instructional strategy that enables small groups of students to work together on a common assignment. Nov, 2019 cooperative learning is an instructional strategy that enables small groups of students to work together on a common assignment. In cooperative learning groups, students are required to learn academic subject matter taskwork as well as the interpersonal and small group skills required to function as part of a team teamwork. This page which is an overview of chapter 27 from the cornerstone book will help you create welldefined routines and procedures for cooperative learning strategies to expedite transitions and minimize off task behavior.